What Are the Warning Signs of Preeclampsia?

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication marked by high blood pressure, usually appearing after 20 weeks, along with signs that it's affecting other organs, most commonly the kidneys or liver. It's one of the more serious pregnancy conditions, but when caught early through routine checks, it's very manageable.

This is exactly why blood pressure is checked at every single antenatal visit, even when you feel completely fine. Preeclampsia often develops gradually, and your own sense of feeling well isn't always a reliable indicator.

Symptoms that need attention

Some symptoms of preeclampsia are easy to dismiss as normal pregnancy discomfort. Knowing the difference matters.

Why swelling alone isn't always a red flag

Some swelling in the feet and ankles is normal in later pregnancy, and it doesn't automatically mean preeclampsia. What matters more is swelling that appears suddenly, is more severe than usual, or affects the face and hands rather than just the lower legs. If you're ever unsure whether what you're experiencing is normal, it's always worth mentioning at your next visit rather than waiting it out.

Who is more likely to develop preeclampsia?

Certain factors increase the likelihood, though many women with none of these risk factors can still develop it, which is why routine screening matters for everyone, not just those considered higher risk.

• First pregnancy

• A history of preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy

• Twin or multiple pregnancy

• Pre-existing high blood pressure, diabetes, or kidney conditions

• Obesity

• A family history of preeclampsia

How is it monitored and managed?

If preeclampsia is suspected, your doctor will typically recommend more frequent blood pressure checks, urine tests to check for protein, and blood tests to assess how your kidneys and liver are functioning. Depending on how far along you are and how severe it is, management can range from closer monitoring and medication to control blood pressure, through to early delivery if it's needed to protect you and your baby.

The specific plan depends entirely on your individual case, your gestational age, and how the condition is progressing, there's no single approach that applies to everyone.

Can preeclampsia be prevented?

There's no guaranteed way to prevent it, but for women with known risk factors, doctors sometimes recommend low-dose aspirin starting early in pregnancy, under medical guidance. This is a conversation to have with your doctor if you have risk factors, rather than something to start on your own.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is swelling in my feet a sign of preeclampsia? Mild swelling in the feet and ankles is common in later pregnancy. Sudden or severe swelling, especially in the face or hands, is worth mentioning to your doctor promptly.

Can preeclampsia develop even if my blood pressure has always been normal? Yes. Preeclampsia can develop in pregnancy even without any prior history of high blood pressure, which is why it's checked at every visit regardless of your history.

Does preeclampsia mean I'll need an early delivery? Not always. Many cases are managed with closer monitoring and medication. Early delivery is considered only when it's the safest option for you and your baby, based on your specific situation.

If you're experiencing any of these symptoms, or want to understand your personal risk factors for preeclampsia, Dr. Kanan Kotdawala offers consultations at Kotdawala Hospitals, Bhulabhai Park and Paldi, Ahmedabad. click here